Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on small-scale fisheries and aquaculture in selected sites in Southeast Asia. 2022 collected and analyzed data on gender dimension in the value chain of small-scale fisheries and aquaculture (Sornkliang and Chumchuen, 2022).
Post-harvest
In addition to following these guidelines, the risks associated with small-scale offshore fishing operations should be insured through several insurance schemes. Accident, life and health insurance services for small-scale fishers that meet their specific needs and conditions should be promoted to increase the sustainability of small-scale fishing operations in the Southeast Asian region.
Fish Trade
Way Forward
At the regional level, relevant upcoming SEAFDEC projects related to small-scale fisheries and aquaculture include: In addition, the USAID/SEAFDEC/Sustainable Fish Asia-SEA Project will implement activities in 2023-2027 to sustain inland fisheries production through of improving the livelihoods of small-scale fisheries, including establishing a data collection system on inland fisheries.
Improving Fisheries Resources: A Review of Current Status and Issues in the Southeast Asian Region. Issues and Challenges in Sustainable Fisheries Development in the Southeast Asian Region: Aquaculture: Integrating Aquaculture into Rural Development in Southeast Asia.
About the Authors
Fostering Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management in the Southeast Asian Region through SEAFDEC
One of the important policy frameworks that guided SEAFDEC in developing programs and projects to support AMSs is the “Resolution and Action Plan on Sustainable Fisheries Development for Food Security for the ASEAN Region towards 2030” or RES&POA-2030 of which was endorsed by senior ASEAN officials and ministers during the time of the Special Senior Officials. Meeting of the 41st ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Agriculture and Forestry on 5 August 2020 and the 42nd ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Agriculture and Forestry on 21 October 2020, as well as the Senior Official and Minister-in-Charge for the fisheries of Japan. Action Plan #14: Strengthen the adoption of fisheries management approaches, eg, co-management and ecosystem approaches to fisheries management, at all levels with all relevant stakeholders involved in the planning and policy formulation process for the management of natural resources, conservation, rehabilitation of habitats and protective geographical features and improvement of human well-being.
Action Plan No. 15: Strengthen the capacity of fishing communities and the capacity of fisheries-related organizations (e.g. by empowering such organizations where necessary) to implement necessary actions to increase resilience, improve livelihoods, adopt complementary livelihoods and poverty alleviation. to support the achievement of sustainable development with gender integration in the process.
Introduction of the EAFM Concept in Southeast Asia
Resolution #6: Implement effective fisheries management that integrates habitat with fisheries resource management and aims to improve social and economic benefits for all stakeholders, in particular by devolving selected management functions to the local level and promoting joint management as a partnership between government and relevant stakeholders.
Promotion of EAFM in Pilot Learning Sites
Appropriate scale: Appropriate levels and processes at which management is applied, taking into account the nature of the fishery and the people involved, as well as the issues being addressed. Multiple objectives: Addressing multiple objectives takes into account the different objectives of different stakeholders and takes into account trade-offs. In the case studies, we found that willingness to participate can come from increasing stakeholder awareness of the importance of resource conservation and the value of rules and regulations.
Adaptive management began in 2012–2013 with the modifications of the E-EAFM course to better meet national and regional capacity building needs for ecosystem-based fisheries management in Southeast Asia.
Sharing of lessons learned
In 2019, the course materials were reviewed and modified to reflect the lessons learned from TD's delivery of the E-EAFM course at both national and regional levels since 2014. Consequently, strengthening the core team would ensure that the implementation of EAFM could have been retained by the relevant country in the future after the completion of the TD-supported project. Considering that the EAFM is quite broad in relation to conventional fisheries management, it has also become necessary to expand the scope and number of relevant fisheries management tools that can be applied in the implementation of the MAP.
The expected results are an increased ability of the participants to select the management tools that can be used to implement the EAFM in their work and an increased awareness and familiarity with the EAFM management tools.
About the Author
Acknowledgments
Supporting Small-scale Fisheries Value Chain
Ban Dong Kham Pho Fish Processing Group
In addition, SEAFDEC/TD also conducted the SWOT analysis to assess the status of the Group's fish processing activities, including the internal and external factors and the current and future potential to develop the strategic plan for fish processing products. As shown in Box 1, the Group's strengths include unity among members and transparency in management, as group members are designated with clear roles and responsibilities; This allowed them to perform their work efficiently and manage the group. However, group members lack the technology and knowledge of processing and packaging techniques, which made it difficult for them to obtain standard certifications (e.g., from the Food and Drug Administration, Halal) for processed fishery products.
Capacity-building activities
The marketing strategy model for the small fishery products was presented to the group members, including packaging and value chain from producer to customers. Voluntary guidelines for ensuring sustainable small-scale fisheries in connection with food security and poverty reduction. Securing sustainable small-scale fisheries: Demonstrating applied practices in value chains, post-harvest operations and trade.
A training on improving market access for small-scale fisheries was attended by members of Ban Dong Kham Pho.
Assessing the impacts of COVID-19 on small-scale fisheries and aquaculture in selected sites in Southeast Asia
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic
More than half of the fishermen interviewed said there was no change in costs, but 83% had reduced income. Of the fish farmers interviewed, about 63% said there was no change in the amount of harvest. 58% of the respondents have experienced the reduction of the price of the catch, access to transport and cost respectively.
For cost, 38% of all respondents specified that there was no change while 43% said there was a decrease.
Conclusion and Recommendations
Impact of COVID-19 on small-scale fisheries in selected areas in ASEAN Member States in 2020-2021. Due to reduced access to transport, the number of market routes and the income of small fishermen and fish farmers could also decrease. A decrease in the income of small fish and fish farmers could force them to squander their savings and borrow money, which could cause stress to their families.
In addition, improving access to microfinance services would increase the income of small fish and fish farmers and mitigate the impacts of COVID-19.
Understanding Gender Roles in Anguillid Eel Fisheries of Indonesia
Capture • Men dominate capture fisheries, while women play an important role in handling, marketing and processing fish. Women play important roles as fishing partners with men, but women's works are still limited. Men's jobs are oriented towards large or medium commercial activities, while women do small activities.
Women have more responsibilities in fish marketing, including making decisions about buying and selling fish and being involved in buying and selling activities.
Access and control profile
Factors and trends
Role of women and men in anguillid eel fishery
Marketing • Women dominate marketing, including making decisions about the sale and purchase of fish, especially glass eel. The anguillid eel resource in Sukabumi Regency is in good condition as the fishermen manage the resource sustainably by using environmentally friendly fishing gear such as scoops to catch glass eel in the estuary and rivulets in the river. Furthermore, gender roles in the anguillid eel fishery in Indonesia could be strengthened by increasing women's ability (e.g. sales skills) to access markets, promote equal access and rights in the exploitation of eel fishery resources, and adapt to local wisdom that recognizes men ( leading actor) as a partner and not as competitors to women, and women are not considered supplementary actors in the management and exploitation of eels.
Women's Faces in Global Fisheries Value Chains: Women's Involvement, Impact and Importance in Developed and Developing Country Fisheries.
Advancing Innovative and Sustainable Food Production
Geoponics vs Aquaponics
Urban Aquaponics
Social cost-benefit analysis
The Model 2 pump is powered by solar panels and is also designed to use electricity as an alternative energy source. Annual net income was determined by deducting variable costs from annual gross income. To estimate the profitability of an aquaponic unit, the return on investment (ROI) was measured by dividing the annual net income by the fixed costs.
Furthermore, the payback period which is the number of years required to recover the initial investment was calculated by dividing the fixed costs by the annual net income.
Social Costs and Benefits
Depending on the design, the stocking rate in Urban Aquaponics ranges from 50 to 80 fish per m2. This shows that investing in Urban Aquaponics would yield greater returns compared to growing in pond culture. Competencies in investing in Urban Aquaponics that must be considered are money, time and space.
The opportunity cost of investing in urban aquaponics is setting up a "sari-sari" store, a small local store with a variety of products, on the land where the aquaponics is installed.
Conclusion
Rayos is the chief scientific research specialist of the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute in Quezon City, Philippines. Elymi-AR-J Subang-Tuñacao is the Chief of the Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Division of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources - Central Office in Quezon City, Philippines. Imelda Calixto is the Aquaculture Supervisor of the Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Division of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources - Central Office in Quezon City, Philippines.
In the Philippines, "sari-sari" stores are considered the backbone of society due to their accessibility to basic household items.
Guide to Contributing Articles
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
SEAFDEC currently includes 11 member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Sustainable management and development of fisheries and aquaculture to contribute to food security, poverty alleviation and livelihoods of people in the Southeast Asian region. Technology transfer and capacity building to increase the capacity of member countries in the application of technologies and implementation of fisheries policies and management tools for the sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources and aquaculture.
Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of regional fisheries policies and management frameworks adopted under the ASEAN-SEAFDEC cooperative mechanism, and emerging international fisheries-related issues including their impacts on fisheries, food security and socio-economics of the region.
